5 Major Signs of Kidney Cancer You Must Know

Kidney cancer often goes unnoticed compared to more widely discussed cancers such as breast, skin, or prostate cancer. The most common type, renal cell carcinoma (RCC), accounts for nearly 85% of all kidney cancer cases. RCC typically develops as a tumour in the lining of one of the kidney’s tubules.

Humans have two kidneys, which act as natural filters—removing waste and toxins from the blood, balancing its chemical composition, and regulating blood pressure and urine production. In addition, the kidneys produce essential hormones that aid digestion and stimulate the bone marrow to generate red blood cells.

The symptoms of kidney cancer often relate to kidney function or tumour growth, typically manifesting in the urinary tract or lower back. Unfortunately, these signs usually don’t appear until the disease has progressed significantly or the tumour becomes large. In many cases, kidney cancer is discovered incidentally during routine imaging tests.

This article highlights some of the key warning signs your body may show when your kidneys are in trouble.

# Blood in Urine

One of the most common signs of advanced RCC, blood in the urine (hematuria), requires immediate medical evaluation.

# Back or Side Pain

Pain or pressure in the lower back or side can indicate kidney cancer, as an enlarging tumour may press against surrounding tissues.

# Fatigue

Persistent fatigue or exhaustion can be an early sign of kidney dysfunction or cancer. It’s best to consult a doctor to determine the underlying cause.

# Unexplained Weight Loss

Because the kidneys influence metabolism and digestion, kidney cancer can disrupt nutrient absorption, leading to unintended weight loss.

# Blood-Related Issues

Kidney tumours can cause anaemia, calcium imbalance, or electrolyte disturbances, all of which require prompt medical attention.

Diagnosis

If kidney cancer is detected, doctors may recommend nephrectomy, a surgical procedure to remove the affected portion of the kidney while preserving healthy tissue.

Since kidney cancer can be difficult to diagnose in its early stages, regular health checkups and scans are vital for early detection and effective treatment.